The Association Between Childhood Trauma and Attachment Functioning in Patients With Personality Disorders

Author:

Voestermans Danielle1,Eikelenboom Merijn234,Rullmann Jitske5,Wolters-Geerdink Maryke5,Draijer Nel2,Smit Jan H.234,Thomaes Kathleen12,van Marle Hein J. F.246

Affiliation:

1. Arkin Institute for Mental Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

2. Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

3. Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

4. GGZ inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

5. Arq Psychotrauma Expert Group, Diemen, The Netherlands

6. Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Abstract

Attachment (mal)functioning and a history of childhood trauma (CT) are both considered psychological determinants of personality disorders (PDs). Their interaction, however, remains largely uninvestigated. In this study, the authors assessed adult and childhood attachment style in a sample of patients with diverse PDs (N = 75) and determined the relation with both occurrence and severity of CT. The authors found that the sample was characterized by severe attachment malfunctioning and high levels of CT. Using cross-tabulations and analysis of variance, the authors showed that patients with a fearful or dismissive attachment style experienced more severe CT than patients with a preoccupied attachment style. Patients reporting an affectionless control bonding style to either parent suffered frequent and severe CT. Although temporal causality cannot be determined, these findings stress the necessity to screen for CT in PDs and suggest that attachment-centered psychotherapy for these patients may benefit from preceding or concurrent trauma treatment.

Publisher

Guilford Publications

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health,Clinical Psychology

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