Diabetes Incidence Among Hispanic/Latino Adults in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To examine diabetes incidence in a diverse cohort of U.S. Hispanic/Latinos. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos is a prospective cohort study with participants aged 18–74 years from four U.S. metropolitan areas. Participants were assessed for diabetes at the baseline examination (2008–2011), annually via telephone interview, and at a second examination (2014–2017). RESULTS A total of 11,619 participants returned for the second examination. The overall age-adjusted diabetes incidence rate was 22.1 cases/1,000 person-years. The incidence was high among those with Puerto Rican and Mexican backgrounds as well as those aged ≥45 years and with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Significant differences in diabetes awareness, treatment, and health insurance coverage, but not glycemic control, were observed across Hispanic/Latino background groups, age groups, and BMI categories. CONCLUSIONS Differences in diabetes incidence by Hispanic/Latino background, age, and BMI suggest the susceptibility of these factors.