Marked Improvement in A1C Levels After Initiation of Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring Is Maintained Over 4 Years in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

Author:

Mustonen Jyrki1ORCID,Rautiainen Päivi1ORCID,Lamidi Marja-Leena2ORCID,Lavikainen Piia3,Martikainen Janne3,Laatikainen Tiina24

Affiliation:

1. 1Department of Internal Medicine, Joint Municipal Authority for North Karelia Social and Health Services (Siun Sote), Joensuu, Finland

2. 2Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

3. 3School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

4. 4Department of Public Health and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of long-term use of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) in adult patients with type 1 diabetes. Design and methods In this retrospective real-world study, 689 patients with type 1 diabetes who were >18 years of age and using isCGM were identified from the electronic patient records in North Karelia, Finland. A1C data were collected before and after the initiation of isCGM. The primary outcome was a change in the mean A1C over time after isCGM started. Results The greatest reductions in the mean A1C levels were observed 6 months (−0.54% [−5.9 mmol/mol], P <0.001) and 12 months (−0.42% [−4.6 mmol/mol], P <0.001) after the initiation of isCGM. Reduction in A1C remained significant for 4 years, although the mean reduction in A1C was −0.18% (−2.05 mmol/mol) (P = 0.009) at 48 months compared with baseline. In a subgroup analysis, patients with a baseline A1C >9% (75 mmol/mol) benefited the most from initiation of isCGM (reduction −0.97% [−10.6 mmol/mol], P <0.001, at 12 months and −0.92% [−10.1 mmol/mol], P <0.001, at 48 months). Neither sex nor age at the start of isCGM were correlated with A1C reduction. Conclusion Use of isCGM improves A1C levels significantly in adult patients with type 1 diabetes. Significant reduction in A1C persisted over 4 years of use, although the effect diminished over time.

Publisher

American Diabetes Association

Subject

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine

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