Affiliation:
1. Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
The primary purpose of the current study was to test the hypothesis that the proinsulin–to–C-peptide (PI-to-CP) ratio, as an index of proinsulin secretion, would be higher and associated with indices of β-cell function in African American adults relative to European American adults without type 2 diabetes.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Participants were 114 African American and European American adult men and women. A 2-h oral glucose tolerance test was conducted to measure glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and proinsulin and derive indices of β-cell response to glucose. The Matsuda index was calculated as a measure of insulin sensitivity. The disposition index (DI), the product of insulin sensitivity and β-cell response, was calculated for each phase of β-cell responsivity. Pearson correlations were used to investigate the relationship of the PI-to-CP ratio with each phase of β-cell response (basal, Φb; dynamic, Φd; static, Φs; total, Φtot), disposition indices (DId, DIs, DItot), and insulin sensitivity. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate independent contributions of race, BMI, and glucose tolerance status on PI-to-CP levels before and after adjustment for insulin sensitivity.
RESULTS
African American participants had higher fasting and 2-h PI-to-CP ratios. The fasting PI-to-CP ratio was positively associated with Φb, and the fasting PI-to-CP ratio and 2-h PI-to-CP ratio were inversely associated with DId and insulin sensitivity only in African American participants.
CONCLUSIONS
The PI-to-CP ratio could be useful in identifying African American individuals at highest risk for β-cell dysfunction and ultimately type 2 diabetes.
Funder
UAB Diabetes Research Center
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health
Center for Clinical and Translational Science
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases at the National Institutes of Health
UAB Nutrition Obesity Research Center
Publisher
American Diabetes Association
Subject
Advanced and Specialized Nursing,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine
Reference40 articles.
1. Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition;Saeedi;Diabetes Res Clin Pract,2019
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
. National Diabetes Statistics Report: Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the United States, 2020. Accessed 9 September 2022. Available from https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/statistics-report/index.html
3. Ethnic differences in glucose disposal, hepatic insulin sensitivity, and endogenous glucose production among African American and European American women;Ellis;Metabolism,2012
4. Increased insulin resistance and insulin secretion in nondiabetic African-Americans and Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic whites. The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study;Haffner;Diabetes,1996
5. Ethnic differences in secretion, sensitivity, and hepatic extraction of insulin in black and white Americans;Osei;Diabet Med,1994
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献