NADPH Oxidase Nox5 Accelerates Renal Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy

Author:

Jha Jay C.12,Banal Claudine1,Okabe Jun23,Gray Stephen P.1,Hettige Thushan1,Chow Bryna S.M.12,Thallas-Bonke Vicki1,De Vos Lisanne1,Holterman Chet E.4,Coughlan Melinda T.12,Power David A.5,Skene Alison6,Ekinci Elif I.7ORCID,Cooper Mark E.12,Touyz Rhian M.8,Kennedy Chris R.4,Jandeleit-Dahm Karin12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetic Complications, Diabetic Complications Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia

2. Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia

3. Human Epigenetics Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia

4. Kidney Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada

5. Department of Nephrology and Institute of Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia

6. Department of Anatomical Pathology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia

7. Endocrine Centre, Austin Health, Repatriation Campus, Heidelberg, Australia

8. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K.

Abstract

NADPH oxidase–derived excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the kidney plays a key role in mediating renal injury in diabetes. Pathological changes in diabetes include mesangial expansion and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) leading to glomerulosclerosis. There is a paucity of data about the role of the Nox5 isoform of NADPH oxidase in animal models of diabetic nephropathy since Nox5 is absent in the mouse genome. Thus, we examined the role of Nox5 in human diabetic nephropathy in human mesangial cells and in an inducible human Nox5 transgenic mouse exposed to streptozotocin-induced diabetes. In human kidney biopsies, Nox5 was identified to be expressed in glomeruli, which appeared to be increased in diabetes. Colocalization demonstrated Nox5 expression in mesangial cells. In vitro, silencing of Nox5 in human mesangial cells was associated with attenuation of the hyperglycemia and TGF-β1–induced enhanced ROS production, increased expression of profibrotic and proinflammatory mediators, and increased TRPC6, PKC-α, and PKC-β expression. In vivo, vascular smooth muscle cell/mesangial cell–specific overexpression of Nox5 in a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy showed enhanced glomerular ROS production, accelerated glomerulosclerosis, mesangial expansion, and ECM protein (collagen IV and fibronectin) accumulation as well as increased macrophage infiltration and expression of the proinflammatory chemokine MCP-1. Collectively, this study provides evidence of a role for Nox5 and its derived ROS in promoting progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Funder

JDRF

Publisher

American Diabetes Association

Subject

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine

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