Intranasal Insulin Enhances Postprandial Thermogenesis and Lowers Postprandial Serum Insulin Levels in Healthy Men

Author:

Benedict Christian12,Brede Swantje1,Schiöth Helgi B.2,Lehnert Hendrik3,Schultes Bernd4,Born Jan1,Hallschmid Manfred1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Neuroendocrinology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany;

2. Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;

3. Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany;

4. Interdisciplinary Obesity Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE Animal studies indicate a prominent role of brain insulin signaling in the regulation of peripheral energy metabolism. We determined the effect of intranasal insulin, which directly targets the brain, on glucose metabolism and energy expenditure in humans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, balanced within-subject comparison, 19 healthy normal-weight men (18–26 years old) were intranasally administered 160 IU human insulin after an overnight fast. Energy expenditure assessed via indirect calorimetry and blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and free fatty acids (FFAs) were measured before and after insulin administration and the subsequent consumption of a high-calorie liquid meal of 900 kcal. RESULTS Intranasal insulin, compared with placebo, increased postprandial energy expenditure, i.e., diet-induced thermogenesis, and decreased postprandial concentrations of circulating insulin and C-peptide, whereas postprandial plasma glucose concentrations did not differ from placebo values. Intranasal insulin also induced a transient decrease in prandial serum FFA levels. CONCLUSIONS Enhancing brain insulin signaling by means of intranasal insulin administration enhances the acute thermoregulatory and glucoregulatory response to food intake, suggesting that central nervous insulin contributes to the control of whole-body energy homeostasis in humans.

Publisher

American Diabetes Association

Subject

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine

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