Interplay Between Galanin and Leptin in the Hypothalamic Control of Feeding via Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone and Neuropeptide Y

Author:

Bergonzelli Gabriela E.1,Pralong François P.1,Glauser Micheline1,Cavadas Claudia23,Grouzmann Eric2,Gaillard Rolf C.1

Affiliation:

1. Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

2. Division of Hypertension, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

3. Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Coimbra, Portugal

Abstract

Over long periods, feeding and metabolism are tightly regulated at the central level. The total amount of nutrients ingested is thought to result from a delicate balance between orexigenic and anorexigenic factors expressed and secreted by specialized hypothalamic neuronal populations. We have developed a system of perifused hypothalamic neurons to characterize the relationships existing between the orexigenic peptide galanin and two other physiological modulators of feeding: neuropeptide Y (NPY) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). We demonstrated that galanin stimulates CRH and NPY secretion from hypothalamic neurons in a dose-dependent manner. Exposure to leptin for 24 h before galanin stimulation decreased NPY secretion by 30%, leaving the responsiveness of CRH neurons intact. These results suggest that CRH and NPY neurons participate to the intrahypothalamic signaling pathway of galanin, an observation that can explain the lower potency of galanin to stimulate food intake in vivo compared with NPY. The differential effects exerted by leptin on CRH and NPY suggest that there exists a subset of NPY neurons that are exquisitely sensitive to marked variations in leptin levels, and that the CRH neurons are less responsive to increases in leptin concentrations.

Publisher

American Diabetes Association

Subject

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine

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