Linkage Analysis and Molecular Scanning of Glucokinase Gene in NIDDM Families

Author:

Zouali Habib1,Vaxillaire Marine1,Lesage Suzanne1,Sun Fang1,Velho Gilberto1,Vionnet Nathalie1,Chiu Ken1,Passa Philippe1,Permutt Alan1,Demenais Florence1,Cohen Daniel1,Beckmann Jacques1,Froguel Philippe1

Affiliation:

1. Human Polymorphism Study Center, Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicate U.358; the Endocrinology Department, Saint-Louis Hospital Paris, France Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri

Abstract

Mutations in the glucokinase gene are a major cause of maturity-onset diabetes of the young. To evaluate the contribution of this gene to the development of late-onset NIDDM, linkage analyses between DNA polymorphisms at the glucokinase locus and NIDDM were performed in 79 multigenerational French families. In addition, all exons and the islet promoter region of glucokinase gene from 1 affected member from each family as well as from 17 unrelated women with previous gestational diabetes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and screened for mutations by single-strand conformational polymorphism and DNA sequencing. Linkage of glucokinase and NIDDM was significantly rejected under all models tested. However, in 1 family, the lod score was 2.30, and we found a nucleotide substitution at the position –30 in the islet promoter region that cosegregated with diabetes. The proband of this family was a gestational diabetic individual. No other mutation in glucokinase was found in the 79 NIDDM families. We identified a missense mutation (TGG257→CGG257) in exon 7 of glucokinase gene from 1 of 17 women with gestational diabetes, which was present in all diabetic members of her family. This family is likely to be a cryptic maturity-onset diabetes of the young, as 4 younger members, carrying this mutation, were subsequently found to be hyperglycemic. In conclusion, no evidence was obtained to incriminate glucokinase as a major gene for late age of onset NIDDM. Diabetic families with mutations in glucokinase must be carefully investigated, to differentiate cryptic maturity-onset diabetes of the young from late-onset NIDDM. Furthermore, pregnancy reveals diabetes in women carrying a glucokinase defect.

Publisher

American Diabetes Association

Subject

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine

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