Epigenome-Wide Meta-analysis Reveals Associations Between Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load and DNA Methylation in Children and Adolescents of Different Body Sizes-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Epigenome-Wide Meta-analysis Reveals Associations Between Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load and DNA Methylation in Children and Adolescents of Different Body Sizes

Published:2023-09-26 Issue:11 Volume:46 Page:2067-2075
ISSN:0149-5992
Container-title:Diabetes Care
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Ott Raffael¹²,Stein Robert³⁴,Hauta-alus Helena H.⁵⁶⁷⁸,Ronkainen Justiina⁹,Fernández-Barrés Sílvia¹⁰¹¹¹²,Spielau Ulrike³,Kirsten Holger¹³,Poulain Tanja¹⁴,Melton Phillip E.¹⁵¹⁶,Küpers Leanne K.¹⁷¹⁸,Azaryah Hatim¹⁹²⁰,Colombo Marco³,Landgraf Kathrin³,Tobi Elmar W.²¹,O’Sullivan Therese²²,Huang Rae-Chi²²,Campoy Cristina¹²¹⁹²⁰²³,Winkler Christiane¹²²⁴,Vioque Jesus¹²²⁵,Vrijheid Martine¹⁰¹¹¹²,Kiess Wieland³¹⁴,Körner Antje³⁴¹⁴,Sebert Sylvain⁹,Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta⁹²⁶²⁷²⁸,Ziegler Anette-G.¹²²⁴,Hummel Sandra¹²²⁴^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. 1Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany

2. 2Forschergruppe Diabetes e.V. at Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany

3. 3Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig, Germany

4. 4Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

5. 5PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

6. 6Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

7. 7Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

8. 8Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

9. 9Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

10. 10ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain

11. 11Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain

12. 12Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain

13. 13Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

14. 14LIFE Child Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

15. 15Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

16. 16University of Western Australia, School of Population and Global Health, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

17. 17The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

18. 18Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

19. 19Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain

20. 20EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain

21. 21Periconceptional Epidemiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

22. 22Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

23. 23Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs-Granada), Granada, Spain

24. 24Forschergruppe Diabetes, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany

25. 25Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, University Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain

26. 26Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, U.K.

27. 27Medical Research Council–Public Health England Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, U.K.

28. 28Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Middlesex, U.K.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE Dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are associated with cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents, with potential distinct effects in people with increased BMI. DNA methylation (DNAm) may mediate these effects. Thus, we conducted meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) between dietary GI and GL and blood DNAm of children and adolescents. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We calculated dietary GI and GL and performed EWAS in children and adolescents (age range: 4.5–17 years) from six cohorts (N = 1,187). We performed stratified analyses of participants with normal weight (n = 801) or overweight or obesity (n = 386). We performed look-ups for the identified cytosine–phosphate–guanine (CpG) sites (false discovery rate [FDR] <0.05) with tissue-specific gene expression of 832 blood and 223 subcutaneous adipose tissue samples from children and adolescents. RESULTS Dietary GL was positively associated with DNAm of cg20274553 (FDR <0.05), annotated to WDR27. Several CpGs were identified in the normal-weight (GI: 85; GL: 17) and overweight or obese (GI: 136; GL: 298; FDR <0.05) strata, and none overlapped between strata. In participants with overweight or obesity, identified CpGs were related to RNA expression of genes associated with impaired metabolism (e.g., FRAT1, CSF3). CONCLUSIONS We identified 537 associations between dietary GI and GL and blood DNAm, mainly in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. High-GI and/or -GL diets may influence epigenetic gene regulation and thereby promote metabolic derangements in young people with increased BMI.

Funder

Joint Programming Initiative A healthy diet for a healthy life

Federal Ministry of Education and Research

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

French National Research Agency

ZonMw

Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Publisher

American Diabetes Association

Subject

Advanced and Specialized Nursing,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine

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