Affiliation:
1. Division of Diabetes Translation, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta, Georgia
2. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan
3. The Prudential Center for Health Care Research Atlanta, Georgia
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the levels of use of preventive care and to identify correlates of such care among people with diabetes in the U.S.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of 2,118 adults, age ≥18 years, with self-reported diabetes in 22 states that participated in the 1994 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Most subjects were age ≥45 years (83%), women (51%), and white (75%) and were diagnosed at ages ≥30 years (83%), had type 2 diabetes (89%), and were not using insulin (66%).
RESULTS
Among all people with diabetes, 78% practiced self-monitoring of blood glucose, and 25% were aware of the term “glycosylated hemoglobin” or “hemoglobin A one C” (HbA1c). In the last year, 72% of the subjects visited a health care provider for diabetes care at least once, 61% had their feet inspected at least once, and 61% received a dilated eye examination. Controlled for age and sex, the odds ratios (ORs) for insulin use were for self-monitoring (OR [95% CI]; 4.0 [2.6–6.1]); having heard of HbA1c or receipt of a dilated eye examination (1.9 [1.4–2.5]); at least one visit to a provider (3.4 [1.9–7.2]); and feet inspected at least once (2.1 [1.5–2.9]). In addition, people <45 years, those who did not complete high school, and those without insurance coverage were high-risk groups for underuse of preventive care. Only 3% of insulin users and 1% of nonusers met all five of the American Diabetes Association standards in the previous year.
CONCLUSIONS
Underuse of recommended preventive care practices is common among people with diabetes.
Publisher
American Diabetes Association
Subject
Advanced and Specialized Nursing,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine
Cited by
245 articles.
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