1. Department of Preventive Medicine, Jikei University, School of Medicine Tokyo, Japan
2. School of Public Health and the Department of Endocrinology, Jikei University, School of Medicine Tokyo, Japan
3. Hospital of Pediatrics, Shanghai Medical University; the Division of Maternal and Child Health Care, Jikei University, School of Medicine Tokyo, Japan
4. Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau Shanghai, China; the Department of Epidemiology, Jikei University, School of Medicine Tokyo, Japan
5. Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and the Third Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University, School of Medicine Tokyo, Japan