A Review Paper on Bioremediation, A Panacea to Aquaculture Productivity

Abstract

Aquaculture production encompasses the cultivation of aquatic organisms, including fish, shellfish, and plants, within controlled environments, playing a pivotal role in meeting the escalating global demand for fish and seafood. Various techniques are employed, ranging from fish farming in ponds, cages, or tanks to the cultivation of seaweed and other aquatic flora. The overarching objective is to achieve sustainable production while minimizing adverse environmental impacts. The utilization of bioremediation techniques in aquaculture entails harnessing microorganisms to degrade pollutants and ameliorate water quality, thereby fostering a healthier environment conducive to the thriving of aquatic organisms. Strategic interventions, such as the introduction of specific bacteria or plants capable of absorbing excess nutrients, contribute to ecosystem equilibrium, thereby promoting sustainable aquaculture practices. Leveraging living organisms to detoxify or eliminate pollutants represents a promising strategy for addressing environmental challenges associated with intensive aquaculture. The review delves into elucidating the mechanisms underlying microbial communities and selected organisms' capacity to mitigate water quality issues, notably excess nutrients and organic matter accumulation. Common bioremediation approaches encompass the utilization of beneficial bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, Nano remediation, biological filters, bioaugmentation, and oxygenation. By integrating these bioremediation techniques, aquaculture enterprises can bolster water quality, mitigate disease risks, and foster a more sustainable and productive aquatic environment conducive to the flourishing of aquatic organisms.