Study of a Wind Pumping System in the Saharan Zone of Chad

Abstract

The wind-powered water pumping system at Gouro and Madadi in Chad is crucial to alleviate the chronic water shortage in these desert regions. The statistical Weibull distribution, using the Moroccan method, gives an annual wind speed scale of 6.55 m/s and 5.85 m/s for these sites, confirming the importance of studying a wind power system. Annual variations in wind speed are significant, and show a seasonal dependence on wind speed. The dominant wind direction is north-easterly, according to the wind rose diagrams, with high frequencies. Seasonal capacity factors for the three wind turbines at the Gouro site range from 0.55 to 0.77, and from 0.48 to 0.70 for the Madadi site, making these areas ideal for wind turbine installation. Monthly daily water flows for the Gouro site range from 8367 m³/day to 30371 m3/day for the three wind turbines. For the Madadi site, these values range from 8415 m3/day to 21391 m3/day. In view of these results, the wind-powered water pumping system can have a significant impact on the socio-economic development of these regions. By supplying drinking water and irrigating farmland, it can promote food security, economic growth and improved living conditions for local populations.