DETERMINATION OF EXTRACELLULAR HYDROLYTIC ENZYME CAPABILITIES OF SOME ANOXYBACILLUS ISOLATED FROM HOT SPRING ENVIRONMENTS

Abstract

Biotechnology has grown immensely in recent years and the production of microbial enzymes was a necessary event in the industrial sectors. The enzymes and the whole cell of microorganisms have also been much used for bioremediation processes and waste management. The main industries that apply microbial enzymes are the food, textile, pharmaceutical, leather, paper, cosmetics, biomaterials, fine chemicals, energy, cellulose and detergent industries. This tool enables researchers to screen for novel bacterial strains that may have a potential enzymatic activity which have not been documented before and for looking plasmids that could serve as cloning vectors to drug resistance in thermophilic microorganism. In this study the Anoxybacillus flavithermus bacteria were used which was isolated from hot spring of Afyon city from Turkey. The bacteria were tested for the morphological and physiological aspect and analyzed by 16S rRNA comparison for identifications. In this thesis, the biochemical tests were done for identify the characteristics of the bacterium. For this purpose, starch, casein, xylanase and asparaginase hydrolysis and catalase, urease and lipase activities were examined. Also antibiotic resistant tests were performed to the isolated bacteria by using four different (chloramphenicol, ampicillin, rifamycine and erythromycin) antibiotics. The bacterium grows in nutrient agar media, and according to results; all isolated strains fermented starch as carbon and energy sources, and amylase activity was obtained at 50 °C at pH 7.0 after 24 h of the incubation. All strains were evaluated as catalase-positive, most of A. flavithermus strains were obtained as urease and caseinase positive except few strains and especially strain no. KJ095001 was founded urease and caseinase negative.