Qualitative Content Analysis of Code-Switching Behaviors in Kannada-English Bilingual Adults Who Stutter

Abstract

Objectives: The present study investigated whether code-switching (CS) behaviors help manage stuttering. If yes, how does CS help manage stuttering in the daily life of Kannada-English bilingual adults who stutter (BAWS)? Methods: A convenient purposive sample of 35 Kannada-English bilingual adults who stutter, aged 18-40 years, were recruited for the study. The participants completed a Google form which contained a descriptive question. The question was, (a) Is language mixing or switching helpful in managing stuttering?, (b) If yes, describe how managing your stuttering in day-to-day life is beneficial. Results: 30 of 35 BAWS (85.71%) responded “Yes” to question (a). Furthermore, a significant theme and five sub-themes were created based on their descriptive responses. It includes a significant theme of personal growth and sub-themes such as communication, coping, conceptualization, social image and reputation, and psychological strength. Conclusion: The present study results suggest that Kannada-English BAWS perceive that their CS behaviors help to avoid stuttering. Furthermore, it builds their speaking skills, management strategies, understanding of others, social image, and confidence—overall personal growth. Nevertheless, avoidance behaviors, such as code-switching, are ineffective long-term stuttering management strategies and lower BAWS self-esteem by preventing individuals from facing challenges or speaking complex words or phrases.