Resistance to Botrytis cinerea in sitiens, an Abscisic Acid-Deficient Tomato Mutant, Involves Timely Production of Hydrogen Peroxide and Cell Wall Modifications in the Epidermis

Author:

Asselbergh Bob1,Curvers Katrien1,França Soraya C.1,Audenaert Kris1,Vuylsteke Marnik1,Van Breusegem Frank1,Höfte Monica1

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Phytopathology (B.A., K.C., S.C.F., K.A., M.H.) and Department of Molecular Genetics (B.A., K.C., M.V., F.V.B.), Ghent University, B–9000 Ghent, Belgium; and Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, B–9052 Ghent, Belgium (B.A., K.C., M.V., F.V.B.)

Abstract

Abstract Plant defense mechanisms against necrotrophic pathogens, such as Botrytis cinerea, are considered to be complex and to differ from those that are effective against biotrophs. In the abscisic acid-deficient sitiens tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) mutant, which is highly resistant to B. cinerea, accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was earlier and stronger than in the susceptible wild type at the site of infection. In sitiens, H2O2 accumulation was observed from 4 h postinoculation (hpi), specifically in the leaf epidermal cell walls, where it caused modification by protein cross-linking and incorporation of phenolic compounds. In wild-type tomato plants, H2O2 started to accumulate 24 hpi in the mesophyll layer and was associated with spreading cell death. Transcript-profiling analysis using TOM1 microarrays revealed that defense-related transcript accumulation prior to infection was higher in sitiens than in wild type. Moreover, further elevation of sitiens defense gene expression was stronger than in wild type 8 hpi both in number of genes and in their expression levels and confirmed a role for cell wall modification in the resistant reaction. Although, in general, plant defense-related reactive oxygen species formation facilitates necrotrophic colonization, these data indicate that timely hyperinduction of H2O2-dependent defenses in the epidermal cell wall can effectively block early development of B. cinerea.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Plant Science,Genetics,Physiology

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