Linear and Torsional Mechanical Characteristics of Intact and Reconstructed Scapholunate Ligaments

Author:

Zdero Rad1,Olsen Michael2,Elfatori Salah3,Skrinskas Tom4,Nourhosseini Hamid5,Whyne Cari4,Schemitsch Emil H.6,von Schroeder Herb7

Affiliation:

1. Martin Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada M5B-1W8

2. Martin Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5B-1W8

3. Ottawa General Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H-8L6

4. Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada M4N-3M5

5. Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G-1L5

6. Martin Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5B-1W8

7. Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; University Hand Program, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T-2S8

Abstract

The mechanical behavior of human scapholunate ligaments is not well understood. Presently, intact scapholunate specimens were mechanically tested in linear distraction and torsion. Fresh bovine tendon grafts were used to reconstruct the scapholunate interval and the tests repeated. Tests yielded the following average values for intact specimens: linear stiffness (48.9N∕mm), linear load retained at 100s (44%), torsional stiffness (19.5Nmm∕deg), torque remaining at 100seconds (66%), torque-to-failure (1253.9 N mm), and angle-to-failure (50.4deg). Tests showed the following average values for reconstructed specimens: linear stiffness (5.4N∕mm), linear load retained at 100s (49%), torsional stiffness (12.6Nmm∕deg), torque remaining at 100s (71%), torque-to-failure (936.8Nmm), and angle-to-failure (54.5deg). There were no statistically significant differences between the intact and reconstructed specimens, with the exception of linear stiffness. Biomechanically, this is the first study in the literature to quantify torsional stress relaxation, failure torque, and failure angle for the intact and repaired human scapholunate ligament. Surgically, reconstruction with bovine tendon may warrant further investigation as a method to potentially retain function and strength after scapholunate injury.

Publisher

ASME International

Subject

Physiology (medical),Biomedical Engineering

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