Optimal Control for Thermal Management of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stack With Koopman-Based Modeling

Author:

Huo Da12,Hall Carrie M.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mechanical, Material, and Aerospace Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , 10 West 35th Street, Chicago, IL 60616

2. Illinois Institute of Technology

Abstract

Abstract This study presents a novel approach to optimal control utilizing a Koopman operator integrated with a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) to enhance the thermal management and power output efficiency of an open-cathode proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack. First, a linear time-invariant dynamic model was derived through Koopman operator to forecast the behavior of the PEMFC stack. Second, this Koopman-based model was directly integrated with LQR for optimizing temperature, temperature variations, and output power efficiency of the PEMFC stack by regulating fan speed, with a physics-based model serving as the plant model. Finally, the performance of the Koopman-based LQRs (KLQR) was compared to a baseline proportional-integral (PI) controller across various ambient temperatures and operating conditions, focusing on temperature, temperature variations, and net power output. The results demonstrate the proposed Koopman-based approach can be seamless integration with linear optimal control algorithms, effectively minimizing temperature, temperature variations across the PEMFC stack, and the net power outputs under different ambient temperature and operating conditions.

Funder

National Science Foundation

Publisher

ASME International

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