1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
2. Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
3. Department of Anesthesia, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
4. Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
5. Department of Surgery, Pingtung Hospital, Department of Health, Pingtung, Taiwan
6. Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
7. Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung - Taiwan