Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors

Abstract

We report a retrospective study on serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and β-human chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG) determination in a series of 30 patients bearing intracranial germ cell tumors. At diagnosis five patients had high serum and CSF AFP levels. No patient had positive serum AFP and negative CSF AFP or vice versa. Twelve of 30 patients had serum βhCG levels above 5 mIU/mL, eight had high βhCG only in CSF, and ten were completely negative. During treatment and follow-up both markers were accurate indicators of the response to therapy, decreasing rapidly and often becoming normal already after the first phase of treatment. We conclude that these two markers, and mostly βhCG, may be useful in the diagnosis and monitoring of the response to therapy of patients with intracranial germ cell tumors.