Hemiparetic Gait Parameters in Overground Versus Treadmill Walking

Abstract

Objective: Hemiparetic gait is characterized by high stride-cycle variability, di minished stance time, single-limb stance time, and stance/swing ratio in the paretic limb. Recent studies suggest treadmill (TM) training may improve the motor control underlying these variables, but supporting evidence is sparse. Methods: This study compared gait patterns of untrained chronic hemiparetic stroke patients (n = 18; mean, 39.5 months poststroke) during overground (OG) and TM walking at matched velocities. Variables included relative stance time, relative single-limb stance time, stance/swing ratio, peak force, and impulse. Within-subject variability of these meas ures (CV) was used to assess gait pattern stability. Results: OG and TM cycle dura tions were similar, but CVs differed (TM < OG, p < 0.05). In the paretic limb, dif ferences were seen in relative stance time, relative single-limb stance time, and stance/swing ratio, respectively (TM > OG, p < 0.05). These variables decreased in the nonparetic limb during TM walking (p < 0.05 for all). Improved interlimb sym metry and coordination were evidenced by decreased between-limb differences and improved relative temporal phasing, respectively, in the TM condition (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Collectively, these results demonstrate that the TM induces an imme diate alteration toward a more consistent and symmetric gait pattern. Further inves tigation is needed to determine whether TM training leads to motor relearning and neuroplasticity in chronic hemiparetic subjects. Key Words: Stroke—Rehabilitation— Hemiparetic gait-Treadmill-Gait symmetry.