Jam Injuries of the Finger

Abstract

Context: Jam injuries of the finger are frequently encountered in general orthopaedic and sports medicine practice. The finger joints in particular are very susceptible to traumatic injury, but in the absence of severe deformity, digital trauma is often downplayed in the hopes of a more rapid return to game play. Evidence Acquisition: Articles published from 1966 to 2015 were reviewed to capture historical and current views on the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of jam injuries in athletes. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 5. Results: Although jam injuries are frequently grouped together, they represent a host of injuries that can be challenging to differentiate. A thorough knowledge of finger joint anatomy and injury mechanism is critical to perform an appropriate examination, establish an accurate diagnosis, and identify a treatment plan for each patient. Conclusion: Every member of the athletic care team must be aware of the spectrum of digital injuries, including the basic signs present on examination, which may indicate the need for more formal workup. Additionally, preventing injury through athlete education is paramount to athletic care.