Clinical features of cardiac lymphoma: an analysis of 37 cases

Abstract

Objective To summarize the clinical and pathological features of patients with cardiac lymphoma. Methods The general conditions, clinical features, pathological types, and prognostic indices of 37 patients with cardiac lymphoma treated in our hospital were analyzed. Results Among the 37 patients, only one had primary cardiac lymphoma, and the other 36 patients had secondary cardiac lymphoma. The cardiac manifestations were mainly chest tightness, shortness of breath, increased heart rates, and electrocardiographic abnormality caused by pericardial effusion, but myocardial enzyme levels were normal in all patients. Only three patients displayed solid heart-occupying manifestations. These lesions were mainly located in the right atrium, and the masses were all larger than 5 cm. The pathological type was diffuse large B cell lymphoma that did not arise from the germinal center in all three patients. Conclusions Cardiac lymphoma was mostly secondary, and pericardial effusion was the primary objective sign. Moreover, cardiac lymphoma was characterized by a high international prognostic index, late stage, and high rates of T and NK cell lymphoma. Most cases were accompanied by serous cavity effusion, extranodal involvement of important organs, elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels, hypoalbuminemia, and normal myocardial enzyme levels.