Acute cardiac damage and acute kidney injury associated with hypercalcemia crisis in hyperparathyroidism: a case report

Abstract

Hyperparathyroidism-induced hypercalcemic crisis is a rare presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism. Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by uncontrolled and immoderate secretion of parathyroid hormone. The most common presentation in primary hyperparathyroidism is renal stones, soft tissue calcification, cystic bone disease, and even hypercalcemic crisis. We report a patient who presented with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome due to extreme hypercalcemia (serum calcium concentration, 4.79 mmol/L [2.15–2.25 mmol/L]) resulting from primary hyperparathyroidism (serum parathyroid hormone concentration, 2215 pg/mL). The complications in this patient were complete cardiac damage and acute kidney injury. On the basis of the hypercalcemic crisis, the patient subsequently underwent surgical resection of parathyroid adenoma. Two days after surgery, her serum calcium and parathyroid hormone concentrations were normal. The patient had a good recovery after a series of other relevant therapies. In conclusion, surgery should be taken into consideration for hyperparathyroidism.