Affiliation:
1. Department of Political Science, The City University of New York, Lehman College, Bronx, NY, USA
Abstract
This article evaluates responses to air pollution that lie beyond the domain of state policy and nonviolent civil disobedience. I begin by presenting evidence that fine particulate matter pollution is more serious than commonly recognized. As a result, attempts to address it deserve more attention from those who are concerned about achieving a just and livable world. I argue that, in part because of its physical characteristics, air pollution pushes the limits of civil disobedience as moral communication. I evaluate one nonviolent and one unarmed violent strategy for collective self-defense against air pollution and make at least two concrete recommendations for engaging in collective self-defense against air pollution.
Subject
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Public Administration,Environmental Science (miscellaneous),Geography, Planning and Development