On the Psychophysics of Workload: Why Bother with Subjective Measures?

Author:

Gopher Daniel1,Braune Rolf2

Affiliation:

1. Cognitive Psychophysiology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois

2. Aviation Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois

Abstract

Psychophysical functions describe the relationship between variations in the amplitude of a defined physical quantity and the psychological perception of these changes. Examples are brightness, loudness, and pain. The regularities of these relationships have been formulated into psychophysical laws. The measurement methodology of psychophysical scaling has been refined by the Harvard group led by S. S. Stevens, who proposed a power function as a general form for such laws. The main argument of the present article is that a similar scaling approach can be adapted to the measurement of workload and task demands based upon subjective estimates. The rationale is that these estimates, like other psychophysical judgments, reflect the individual's perception of the amount of processing resources that the subject invests to meet the demand imposed by a task. This approach was successfully applied to the assessment of 21 experimental conditions given to a group of 60 subjects. The paper discusses the main results of this effort and their implications to theory and application in human performance.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Behavioral Neuroscience,Applied Psychology,Human Factors and Ergonomics

Reference20 articles.

1. Braune, R., and Wickens, C. D. (1983, April). The functional age index: An objective decision criterion for the assessment of pilot performance capabilities. In Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Aviation Psychology (pp. 253–268). Columbus, Ohio; Department of Aviation Psychology.

2. The Reliability and Validity of Flight Task Workload Ratings

3. Derrick, W. (1981). The relationship between processing resource and subjective dimensions of operator workload. In Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 25th Annual Meeting (pp. 532–536). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors Society.

4. Hart, S. G., Childress, M. E., and Bortolussi, M. (1981). Defining the subjective experience of workload. In Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 25th Annual Meeting (pp. 527–531). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors Society.

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