Effects of statin on hypertension patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effects of statins and placebo on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in patients with hypertension. Methods We used different databases such as MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to search for randomized controlled trials published from 1 January 2000 to 1 January 2022 to retrieve relevant studies and full-text articles evaluating statins versus placebo in patients with hypertension. Data were taken from eligible studies. The included articles also performed Cochran’s Q statistics, forest plots, funnel plots, Egger’s test, and sensitivity analyses. Results This study included 8 studies with a total of 3086 patients. We sought to assess patients' SBP and DBP. The results were expressed as mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals. There was no difference in DBP between the statin and placebo groups (MD = 2.48, 95% CI [−2.00, 6.96], p = .28, random effects model). In terms of SBP, the statin group was superior to the placebo group (MD = 4.37, 95% CI [0.72, 8.02], p = .02, random-effects model). Sensitivity analyses and funnel plots showed that our study was robust, with low publication bias. Conclusion The results show that statins could be clinically more effective than placebo in patients with hypertension.