Repair of Aortic Coarctation in Adults: The Fate of Hypertension

Abstract

The benefit of coarctation repair on the resolution of systolic hypertension in adults has been questioned. In this retrospective study, hypertension was assessed in 38 adults (22 men, 16 women; mean age, 25.6 ± 6.9 years; range, 16–39 years) who underwent coarctation repair between 1996 and 2006. Thirty patients had preoperative hypertension (mean systolic pressure, 158.3±18.6; range 140–200 mm Hg). At preoperative catheterization, the peak mean systolic gradient across the coarctation was 70.6 ± 21.2 mm Hg (range, 38–120 mm Hg). Operative procedures were resection and end-to-end anastomosis (11 patients), patch aortoplasty (24) and resection with interposition of a Dacron tube graft (3). The patients were followed up for 2–90 months (mean, 37 ± 23 months). Of the 30 patients with preoperative hypertension, 25 (83%) were normotensive at the last follow-up. The mean postoperative systolic blood pressure was significantly lower than the preoperative level. More than half of the patients (58%) were still taking antihypertensive medication. Surgical repair of coarctation of the aorta in adults can lead to regression of systolic hypertension and a decreased requirement for antihypertensive medication.