Impact of cardiac surgery on the expression of CD40, CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR on B cells and monocytes

Abstract

Objective: We measured and compared changes in the percentage of cells expressing CD80, CD86, CD40, HLA-DR and the expression of these molecules on B cells and monocytes of patients who underwent either on-pump, mini on-pump or off-pump cardiac surgery. Methods: Blood samples from patients who underwent either on-pump, mini on-pump or off-pump cardiac surgery were collected before surgery, instantly after surgery and on the 1st, 3rd and 7th days after surgery. Surface expression of CD80, CD86, CD40 and HLA-DR molecules was determined by flow cytometry. Results: Our results show that all three surgical techniques altered the expression of these molecules, as well as the percentage relative number of specific cell populations. We identified statistically significant differences when comparing different surgical techniques. On-pump surgery revealed a more pronounced impact on the phenotype of immune system cells than the other techniques. Therefore, it is likely that the function of immune cells is changed the most by on-pump surgery. We found a lower decrease in the number of CD80+ monocytes and a lower drop in the CD40 expression on monocytes in off-pump patients in comparison with on-pump patients. Conclusion: All the types of cardiac surgical techniques, off-pump, on-pump and modified mini-invasive on-pump, are associated with changes in CD80, CD86, CD40 and HLA-DR expression. We found several significant differences in the expression of the selected molecules when we compared all three groups of patients.