Coagulopathy-related soft tissue hematoma: a comparison between computed tomography findings and clinical severity

Abstract

Background Despite increases in the incidence of coagulopathy-related soft-tissue hematoma (CRSH), the relationship between computed tomography (CT) features and clinical severity remains unclear. Purpose To retrospectively evaluate the correlation between CT findings and clinical outcomes in CRSH. Material and Methods We retrospectively reviewed data of patients diagnosed with CRSH between March 2011 and March 2018. CRSH was morphologically classified according to the presence or absence of the fluid level pattern and was also divided into groups with or without extravasation as per CT findings. These CT findings were compared with the patients’ vital signs and laboratory investigation results. Results A total of 47 patients with CRSH were examined. Fluid level and non-fluid level patterns were observed in 28 (60%) and 19 (40%) patients, respectively. Anticoagulant therapy and extravasation were significantly correlated with the fluid level pattern. However, other clinicolaboratory outcomes, including shock index, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count, and coagulation factors, showed no significant difference between the two patterns. In the comparison of hematomas with and without extravasation, none of the clinicolaboratory outcomes except for anticoagulant therapy showed significant differences. Conclusion CRSH with a fluid level pattern is significantly associated with extravasation. However, extravasation, which is generally suggestive of active bleeding, does not seem to be related to clinical severity in CRSH.