The harm reduction approach revisited

Abstract

The harm reduction approach has been used in substance abuse prevention, treatment and rehabilitation for three decades. This article re-examines its underlying assumptions, redefines the major concepts and reviews the main features of existing programs in an international perspective. The author finds that harm reduction is pragmatic, incremental, comprehensive, scientific, proactive and accessible. Its effectiveness is supported by empirical studies. Although it is still an alternative approach in some parts of the world, it will soon become an internationally adopted, mainstream approach.