Selection of random vibration theory procedures for the NGA-East project and ground-motion modeling

Author:

Kottke Albert R1ORCID,Abrahamson Norman A2,Boore David M3,Bozorgnia Yousef4ORCID,Goulet Christine A5ORCID,Hollenback Justin6,Kishida Tadahiro7,Ktenidou Olga-Joan8ORCID,Rathje Ellen M9,Silva Walter J.10,Thompson Eric M11ORCID,Wang Xiaoyue12

Affiliation:

1. Pacific Gas & Electric, San Francisco, CA, USA

2. University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA

3. U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA, USA

4. University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

5. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

6. Father, Woodside, CA

7. Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE

8. National Observatory of Athens, Athens, Greece

9. The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA

10. Pacific Engineering & Analysis, El Cerrito, CA, USA

11. U.S. Geological Survey, Golden, CO, USA

12. Geosyntec Consultants, Inc., Oakland, CA, USA

Abstract

Traditional ground-motion models (GMMs) are used to compute pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) from future earthquakes and are generally developed by regression of PSA using a physics-based functional form. PSA is a relatively simple metric that correlates well with the response of several engineering systems and is a metric commonly used in engineering evaluations; however, characteristics of the PSA calculation make application of scaling factors dependent on the frequency content of the input motion, complicating the development and adaptability of GMMs. By comparison, Fourier amplitude spectrum (FAS) represents ground-motion amplitudes that are completely independent from the amplitudes at other frequencies, making them an attractive alternative for GMM development. Random vibration theory (RVT) predicts the peak response of motion in the time domain based on the FAS and a duration, and thus can be used to relate FAS to PSA. Using RVT to compute the expected peak response in the time domain for given FAS therefore presents a significant advantage that is gaining traction in the GMM field. This article provides recommended RVT procedures relevant to GMM development, which were developed for the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA)-East project. In addition, an orientation-independent FAS metric—called the effective amplitude spectrum (EAS)—is developed for use in conjunction with RVT to preserve the mean power of the corresponding two horizontal components considered in traditional PSA-based modeling (i.e., RotD50). The EAS uses a standardized smoothing approach to provide a practical representation of the FAS for ground-motion modeling, while minimizing the impact on the four RVT properties ( zeroth moment, [Formula: see text]; bandwidth parameter, [Formula: see text]; frequency of zero crossings, [Formula: see text]; and frequency of extrema, [Formula: see text]). Although the recommendations were originally developed for NGA-East, they and the methodology they are based on can be adapted to become portable to other GMM and engineering problems requiring the computation of PSA from FAS.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Geophysics,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology

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