Enhancing Intraoral Fluoride Retention in Older Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study

Abstract

Introduction: Previous studies have shown that a calcium prerinse can increase intraoral fluoride retention from a fluoride rinse. To explore the potential of this approach to control root caries, we assessed intraoral fluoride bioavailability after a calcium prerinse in older adults with normal to low salivary flow rates. Methods: In a 2-period crossover trial (NCT04239872), 20 participants (65–80 y old), with low or normal salivary flow rate, rinsed for 1 min with a 0.05% NaF mouth rinse (226 ppm F, F only) or with this rinse immediately after a 1-min rinse with 150 mM calcium lactate (Ca→F). Dental biofilm and saliva samples were collected before and up to 2 h after the rinse(s). Fluoride concentrations in saliva (whole and clarified) and dental biofilm (fluid and solid phases) were blindly determined. Data were statistically analyzed by a mixed-effects model for the effect of treatment, time, and their interaction ( α = 5%). Results: The Ca→F group resulted in significantly higher fluoride concentrations in all variables analyzed, for almost all of the collection time points. The effect was greater in the biofilm solids and whole saliva (compatible with the formation of calcium fluoride deposits) and still significant ( P < 0.001) after 2 h in the biofilm fluid and clarified saliva, suggesting that fluoride stored in insoluble particles was released, increasing free fluoride. Conclusion: The use of a calcium prerinse before a fluoride rinse was able to prolong intraoral fluoride bioavailability in older adults. Knowledge Transfer Statement: A calcium prerinse increased intraoral fluoride bioavailability in older individuals. This approach could be used to improve root caries control without the need to increase the fluoride concentration in dental products.