The Throat Pack Debate: A Review of Current Practice in UK and Ireland Cleft Centers

Abstract

Introduction: The use of throat packs during oropharyngeal surgery has long been a topic of debate among cleft surgeons. The advantage of inserting an absorbent tulle within the pharynx must be weighed against the risk of unintended retention postoperatively. Despite safety check mechanisms in place, retention may occur with potentially life-threatening consequences. We present a comprehensive review of throat pack use in all cleft units within the United Kingdom and Ireland. Methods: All 20 cleft surgery units in the United Kingdom and Ireland were surveyed on their use of throat packs in children aged 6 months to 2 years undergoing elective cleft palate surgery. Results: The response rate to the survey was 100%. Seventy-five percent of units currently use throat packs; in 40%, they are used in addition to cuffed endotracheal tubes (ETTs). Inclusion of the throat pack in the surgical swab count was perceived as the safest mechanism employed to avoid retention. 26.1% of respondents were aware of at least 1 incident of pack retention in their unit. Discussion/Conclusion: The reported UK and Irish experience demonstrates that three-quarters of units routinely use packs. Notably, a quarter of respondents to the survey have experience of an incident of throat pack retention. Nevertheless, the majority of respondents considered the perceived risk of retaining a pack to be low. The growing use of microcuffed ETTs in UK cleft units paired with a low incidence of perioperative complications when a throat pack is not introduced might prompt cleft surgeons to review routine pharyngeal packing.