The Prevalence and Patterns of Maltreatment, Childhood Adversity, and Mental Health Disorders in an Australian Out-Of-Home Care Sample

Author:

Harris Lottie G.1ORCID,Higgins Daryl J.2ORCID,Willis Megan L.3ORCID,Lawrence David4,Mathews Ben56,Thomas Hannah J.789,Malacova Eva7,Pacella Rosana10ORCID,Scott James G.781112ORCID,Finkelhor David13ORCID,Meinck Franziska81415,Erskine Holly E.8161718,Haslam Divna M.519

Affiliation:

1. School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Institute of Child Protection Studies, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

2. Institute of Child Protection Studies, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

3. Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, NSW, Australia

4. School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia

5. School of Law, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

6. Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

7. QIMR Berghofer, Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

8. Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, Australia

9. Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

10. Institute for Lifecourse Development, University of Greenwich, London, UK

11. Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

12. Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children’s Health Qld, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia

13. Crimes against Children Research Center, Department of Sociology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA

14. Faculty of Humanities, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa

15. School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

16. The Park Centre for Mental Health Treatment, Research and Education, Wacol, QLD, Australia

17. School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

18. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA

19. Parenting and Family Support Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

Abstract

This study aimed to explore key characteristics of the out-of-home care subgroup of a nationally representative Australian sample. To ensure that mental health services are appropriately targeted, it is critical that we understand the differential impacts of childhood experiences for this cohort. Using the Australian Child Maltreatment Study ( N = 8503), we explored patterns of childhood maltreatment and adversity of participants who reported ever being placed in out-of-home care, such as foster care or kinship care. In addition, the prevalence of current and lifetime diagnosis of four mental health disorders were explored. Results showed that the care experienced subgroup reported more types of maltreatment and adverse experiences than the control group. They were also more likely to meet diagnostic threshold for post-traumatic stress disorder, generalised anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder than the control group. These findings can be used to guide mental health practitioners to target interventions more effectively within the out-of-home care cohort.

Funder

National Health and Medical Research Council

Australian Government Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet

Department of Social Services; and the Australian Institute of Criminology

European Research Council

UK Research and Innovation Global Challenges Research Fund

NHMRC Early Career Fellowship

Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research

Publisher

SAGE Publications

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