Assessment of prediabetes knowledge among adults in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Prediabetes is a serious health condition which can be treated with changes to lifestyle behaviour. It is a significant warning sign of being at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This study aims to assess knowledge of prediabetes and its associated risk factors in the community of Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia (SA). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult respondents in Al-Madinah in 2022. A sample size of 397 participants completed a validated self-administrated survey and data were analysed using descriptive statistics (numbers, percentages, mean and standard deviation). Results: Of the 397 participants who responded to the survey, 56.7% were aged between 21 and 25 years old, with more than half (51.9%) being male and the majority being more educated (72%). Among the participants, 14.1%, 34.3% and 51.5% had a high, moderate and poor knowledge of prediabetes, respectively. Overall, there was a statistically significant association between age (>25 years old) ( p = 0.003), gender difference ( p = 0.006), and prediabetes knowledge. Conclusion: Knowledge of prediabetes is important in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. The population of Al-Madinah demonstrated a low level of prediabetes knowledge; therefore, the design and implementation of community-based intervention programmes with an emphasis on raising prediabetes awareness is crucial. Policymakers, organisations and partnerships will be required to develop a well-designed and effective programme.