Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding human papilloma virus vaccination among physicians in Qatar

Abstract

Background: The human papilloma virus is a global problem that affects sexually active women and men, with cervical cancer being the most serious associated disease. Most cervical cancer cases can be prevented by vaccination against the human papilloma virus early in life. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices among physicians working in Qatar, regarding the human papilloma virus, infection, and prevention using vaccines. Study-design: This was a cross-sectional study using quantitative data collection. Methodology: An online survey targeting physicians working in Qatar was conducted, using a web-based pretested questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised four sections capturing a few demographic details, 33 questions in the Knowledge Section, 12 questions eliciting the attitude, and 14 practice-related questions. Mean knowledge score was calculated and those with a score more than the mean score were considered to have sufficient knowledge. Association between knowledge and attitude/practices/independent variables were looked for using bivariate and multivariate analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify the predictors for recommending human papilloma virus vaccines. Results: Of the 557 physicians who participated, 83.7% had sufficient knowledge, but only 69.1% knew that human papilloma virus vaccines were available in Qatar. The majority (89.4%) knew that human papilloma virus infection could be asymptomatic and 96.1% knew at least one symptom; 77% believed the human papilloma virus vaccine would substantially decrease the chances of human papilloma virus infection and related cancers and 46.5% felt physicians were less motivated to promote the human papilloma virus vaccine. The perceived barriers to community acceptance of the human papilloma virus vaccine were lack of awareness regarding the relationship between human papilloma virus and cervical cancer (61.6%), doubts regarding efficacy (32.5%), fear regarding safety (26.9%), concern that the human papilloma virus vaccination may encourage risky sexual behavior (26.8%), and perceived low-risk (23.3%) and cost (24.6%). Only 21.5% commonly discussed sexual health with their clients. More than one-third were not interested in recommending the human papilloma virus vaccine. Bivariate analysis showed nationality, specialization, discussing with patients, and recommending vaccine to be significantly associated with knowledge. Bivariate and regression analysis identified that female gender and physician’s religion were significant predictors to recommend the human papilloma virus vaccine. Conclusion: Most physicians have good knowledge. Less than one-fourth commonly discussed sexual health with their clients. More than one-third were not interested in recommending the human papilloma virus vaccine. This issue might affect the human papilloma virus vaccination program implementation if not well addressed.