How do adolescents experience a newly developed Online Single Session Sleep Intervention? A Think-Aloud Study

Abstract

Background Sleep problems are common in adolescents and have detrimental impacts on physical and mental health and daily functioning. Evidence-based treatment like cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is often hard to access, and adolescents may not engage in and adhere to longer, clinician-delivered interventions. Brief, self-guided, and accessible sleep interventions are needed. Objective To explore the user experience of a prototype online self-help single session sleep intervention developed for adolescents. Methods Eleven participants aged 17–19 years (8 females, 3 males) took part in online retrospective think-aloud interviews. Participants first completed the prototype intervention independently and were then shown the intervention page by page and asked to verbalise their thoughts and experiences. Transcripts were analyzed thematically. Results Participants found the intervention helpful. Four themes were generated - ‘Educative: Learning, but more fun’, ‘Effortless: Quicker and Easier’, ‘Personalization: Power of Choice’, and ‘Positivity: Just Good Vibes’. The theme ‘Educative: Learning, but more fun’ encompassed two sub-themes ‘Opportunity to Learn’ and ‘Aesthetics and Learning’. These themes reflected participants’ views that the intervention was educative, personalised, solution-oriented and easy to use, but could incorporate more graphics and visuals to aid in learning and could be made more effortless and positive through modifications to its design. Conclusions Findings convey the importance of ensuring educative well-designed content, personalization, a positive tone, and ease of use while designing interventions targeting adolescents’s sleep and mental health. They also indicate areas for further developing the intervention.