Relationship Between Posterior Tibial Slope and Lower Extremity Biomechanics During a Single-Leg Drop Landing Combined With a Cognitive Task in Athletes After ACL Reconstruction

Abstract

Background: A steeper posterior tibial slope (PTS) is an important risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reinjury. The PTS may affect lower extremity biomechanics under competition-like conditions for athletes with a reconstructed ACL. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that the PTS would be associated with lower extremity biomechanics, which may increase ACL strain. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Included were 10 athletes (mean age, 20.9 ± 1.8 years) who had undergone ACL reconstruction. The authors recorded the 3-dimensional lower extremity biomechanics while participants performed a single-leg drop jump with the Stroop task (dual task). Kinematic and kinetic data were analyzed and compared between the involved and contralateral limbs. The medial and lateral PTSs were measured using magnetic resonance imaging scans of the involved knee. The correlation between the biomechanical data and the PTS in each knee was evaluated. Results: The lateral PTS was significantly correlated with the maximum hip adduction moment ( r = 0.64; P < .05) and maximum internal tibial rotation angle ( r = 0.71; P < .05) in the involved limb. There were no differences in kinematic and kinetic data between the involved and contralateral limbs. Conclusion: In athletes after ACL reconstruction, the lateral PTS was directly associated with the maximum internal tibial rotation angle during single-leg drop landing with a cognitive task. Clinical Relevance: The findings in this study indicate that a steeper lateral PTS may cause internal rotation of the tibia during landing, which may be associated with reinjury in athletes with a reconstructed ACL.