Tic Suppression in Children With Recent-Onset Tics Predicts 1-Year Tic Outcome

Author:

Kim Soyoung1ORCID,Greene Deanna J.12,Robichaux-Viehoever Amy3,Bihun Emily C.1,Koller Jonathan M.1,Acevedo Haley1,Schlaggar Bradley L.456,Black Kevin J.1237

Affiliation:

1. Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA

2. Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA

3. Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA

4. Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA

5. Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

6. Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

7. Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA

Abstract

Successful voluntary tic suppression is a key component of the behavioral interventions that are used to treat tic disorders. This study aimed to examine tic suppression in children with recent-onset tics and determine whether the capacity to suppress tics predicts future tic severity. We tested 45 children (30 male, mean age 7.74 years) with recent-onset tics (mean 3.47 months prior to the first study visit; baseline) and re-examined each child at the 12-month anniversary of the first recognized tic (follow-up). At the baseline visit, children performed a tic suppression task with several conditions: tic freely, inhibit tics given a verbal request, and inhibit tics in the presence of a reward. At the baseline visit, children with tics for only a few months could suppress their tics, and tic suppression was especially successful when they received an immediate and contingent reward. Additionally, the ability to suppress tics in the presence of a reward predicted tic severity at follow-up. These findings suggest that better inhibitory control of tics within months of tic onset may be an important predictor of future tic symptom outcome.

Funder

National Institute of Mental Health

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Clinical Neurology,Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health

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