Randomized Clinical Trial of a Prenatal Breastfeeding and Mental Health Mixed Management Intervention

Abstract

Background The continuity of maternal depressive symptoms throughout the perinatal period and breastfeeding problems have adverse influences on breastfeeding. Research aim To compare the feeding patterns and breastfeeding experiences, maternal health and mental health, and breastfeeding self-efficacy between women with depressive symptoms who participated in a prenatal individualized mixed management intervention and those who received usual care. Methods Chinese primigravida ( N = 182) with an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score ≥ 9 in late pregnancy (≥ 28 weeks and < 35 weeks) were randomly assigned to the intervention group ( n = 84) or the control group ( n = 84). Intervention group participants received four sessions of individualized mixed management combining psycho-education and breastfeeding education. Breastfeeding self-efficacy, feeding patterns, maternal depression, and health status were evaluated in both groups. Results Significant differences were noted between the groups in breastfeeding self-efficacy at 42 days postpartum ( p < .05) and feeding patterns at 3 months and 6 months postpartum ( p < .05). Repeated measures analysis of variance showed significant differences in the EPDS scores between groups at three postpartum time points ( p < .05). The intervention group had significantly lower postpartum depression as diagnosed by the MINI ( p < .05). Conclusions A prenatal individualized mixed management intervention holds promise as an effective prevention and health promotion program addressing breastfeeding outcomes and maternal mental health. This RCT was registered (ChiCTR-IOR-17013761) with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, http://www.chictr.org.cn/enIndex.aspx on 12/7/2017.