Durability and notch sensitivity analysis of environmental ageing induced glass fibre mat and kenaf fibre mat-reinforced composites

Abstract

The durability of the notch and un-notch composites is mainly affected by environmental ageing, the condition of mechanical loading and mechanical ageing. Due to the dissimilarity of two components of fibre mat-reinforced thermosetting composites (e.g. fibre and resin), thermal stress and strain can be generated and raised by moisture, temperature variation, thermal ageing and mechanical ageing in any working environment. This study aims at investigating the effect of thermal ageing fatigue and mechanical ageing fatigue on the mechanical durability and notch sensitivity properties of glass fibre mat unsaturated polyester resin composites and kenaf fibre mat/unsaturated polyester composites. Tensile tests of smooth and notched specimens, low cycle tensile fatigue tests, dynamic mechanical analysis, stress distribution by point-stress failure criteria and notch sensitivity analysis were performed to both types of the specimens. Both composites were previously taken under up to 100 number of freeze-thaw ageing cycles (from −25 to + 58℃). It is found that the tensile modulus and un-notched strength of kenaf fibre mat/unsaturated polyester were decreased by 30 and 27%, respectively, which was more severe than that of glass fibre mat/unsaturated polyester composites. After the thermal ageing, notch (open hole) did not diminish the strength property of kenaf fibre mat/unsaturated polyester, and there was an absolute increase of characteristic distance (d0) which indicates the lower notch sensitivity of kenaf fibre mat/unsaturated polyester. Although glass fibre mat/unsaturated polyester had superior mechanical properties, after thermal ageing, while kenaf fibre mat/unsaturated polyester presented stable low cycle fatigue property, better energy absorption and notch sensitivity properties.