Bioprospecting for Anti-COVID-19 Interventions From African Medicinal Plants: A Review

Author:

Akindele Abidemi J.12ORCID,Sowemimo Abimbola13,Agunbiade Foluso O.14,Sofidiya Margaret O.13,Awodele Olufunsho12,Ade-Ademilua Omobolanle15,Orabueze Ifeoma13,Ishola Ismail O.12,Ayolabi Christianah I.16,Salu Olumuyiwa B.17,Akinleye Moshood O.18,Oreagba Ibrahim A.12,

Affiliation:

1. African Center of Excellence for Drug Research, Herbal Medicine Development and Regulatory Science (ACEDHARS), University of Lagos (UNILAG), Lagos, Nigeria

2. Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics & Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

3. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

4. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

5. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

6. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

7. Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

8. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

Abstract

The emergence of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that emanated from Wuhan in China in 2019 has become a global concern. The current situation warrants ethnomedicinal drug discovery and development for delivery of phytomedicines with potential for the treatment of COVID-19. The aim of this review is to provide a detailed evaluation of available information on plant species used in African traditional medicines with antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and COVID-19 symptoms relieving effects. Literature from scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Google scholar, African Journals OnLine (AJOL), Science Direct, and Web of Science were used for this review. A total of 35 of the 38 reviewed plants demonstrated a wide range of antiviral activities. Bryophyllum pinnatum, Aframomum melegueta, Garcinia kola, Sphenocentrum jollyanum, Adansonia digitata, Sutherlandia frutescens, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Moringa oleifera, and Nigella sativa possess a combination of antiviral, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and COVID-19 symptoms relieving activities. Nine, 13, and 10 of the plants representing 23.7%, 34.2%, and 26.3% of the plants studied had antiviral activity with 3 other activities, antiviral activity with 2 other activities, and antiviral with one pharmacological activity alone, respectively. The plants studied were reported to be relatively safe at the subchronic toxicity level, except for 2. The study provides baseline information on the pharmacological activities, toxicity, and chemical components of 9 African medicinal plants with antiviral, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and symptoms relieving activities, thereby making the plants candidates for further investigation for effectiveness against COVID-19.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Complementary and alternative medicine,Plant Science,Drug Discovery,Pharmacology,General Medicine

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