Effects of Cognitive Loading on Pilots and Air Traffic Controller Performance: Implications for Neural Dynamics and Cognitive Flow

Abstract

The digitized environment in aviation operations has seen marked growth and expansion as new technologies arrive and are implemented. The flight deck and air traffic control functions are two areas where growth is particularly robust. Previous work has identified the effects of compounded cognitive loading and SHELL interfaces in these work environments, and the potential consequences when relief or collaborative resource management is not employed effectively. This paper examines the relationship of cognitive loading in the context of cognitive flow to identify potential areas where neural metrics might aid in a better understanding of the dynamics to determine thresholds of overload. Application of the Triple-Network Model of neural regulation dynamics and Polyvagal Theory are explored for potential relationships to compromised situation awareness and working memory constraints. Conclusions indicate that when cognitive flow is disrupted, cognitive processing loads on working memory expand exponentially and rapidly reach a plateau that inhibits safe performance. Implications suggest a more focused effort in systems and training to address neural metrics and cognitive processing rates.