Discrimination, Mental Health, and Readiness to Quit Smoking

Abstract

We conducted a cross-sectional study, examining the mediation effects of depression and anxiety on the association between discrimination and readiness to quit cigarette smoking among African American adult cigarette smokers experiencing homelessness. Using a convenience sample, participants were recruited from a homeless shelter in Southern California. Scores of discrimination, depressive, and anxiety symptoms, and readiness to quit smoking were analyzed using linear regression modeling. We enrolled 100 participants; 58 participants were male. In the final model, discrimination had no association with readiness to quit ( b = 0.02; 95% CI [−0.04, 0.08]; p = 0.47). The indirect effects of depression ( b = 0.04, [0.01, 0.07]; p = 0.02) and anxiety ( b = 0.03; [0.01, 0.05]; p = 0.04) reached statistical significance; the direct effects of depression ( b = −0.01; [−0.09, 0.04]; p = 0.70) and anxiety ( b = −0.00; [−0.09, 0.06]; p = 0.86) did not. Future studies should explore these associations to enhance smoking cessation programs for this population.