A Nominal Group Technique Study of Patients Who Identify as Black or African American and Access to Renal Transplantation

Author:

Nonterah Camilla W.12ORCID,Utsey Shawn O.3,Gupta Gaurav4,Wilkins Sawyer3,Gardiner Heather M.5

Affiliation:

1. Department of Psychology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, USA

2. Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA

3. Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

4. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA

5. Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Abstract

Introduction: Completion of the renal transplant evaluation has been associated with several barriers for patients who identify as Black or African American. This study sought to prioritize barriers to and motivators of completing the renal transplant evaluation. Methods/Approach: Semi-structured interviews and focus groups with a nominal group technique were used to generate priority scores. Transplant professionals (N = 23) were recruited from 9 transplant centers in the Mid-Atlantic, Mid-Western, and Southeastern parts of the United States. Black or African American identifying renal patients (N = 30) diagnosed with end-stage kidney disease were recruited from 1 transplant center in the Mid-Atlantic region. Findings: Priority scores were created to assess the quantitative data of participant rankings of top barriers and motivators. The most significant barriers identified by both patients and transplant professionals comprised financial constraints, insurance issues, difficulty navigating the healthcare system, transportation difficulties, and multiple health problems. Facilitators consisted of family/social support, transplant education, patient navigators, comprehensive insurance, and physician repertoire and investment. A qualitative description of the ranked factors resulted in themes classified as intrapersonal, health, socioeconomic, transplant-specific healthcare, and general healthcare. Conclusion: These findings provided vital information to transplant centers nationwide about assessing the influences of renal transplant evaluation completion. Achieving equity in access to transplantation for Black or African American renal patients requires multilayered approaches.

Funder

American Psychological Association of Graduate Students

Thomas F. and Kate Miller Jeffress Memorial Trust

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Transplantation

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