Compliance with Open Space Standards in Residential Areas of Oyo, Nigeria

Abstract

Against the widespread non-adherence with statutory requirements for open space provision in virtually every segment of cities, especially in residential areas, this study examined compliance with open space standards in three distinct residential zones (core, transition and sub-urban) of Oyo, a traditional city in Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted with two stakeholders: self-built house owners (SHOs) and town planning officials (TPOs). Systematic and convenience sampling techniques were used to select participants from the groups, respectively. Direct measurements of open spaces within lots were carried out to determine if they met the required standards. Information obtained from the SHOs included their socio-economic characteristics, level of awareness, perceived importance, compliance with standards and factors influencing compliance. The TPOs also provided information on standards (plot coverage and setback requirements), mechanisms and tactics for regulating open space provision. The study showed low awareness of the open space requirements among homeowners in the three residential zones. The compliance level in the core area was the lowest because the area was largely built prior to the introduction of planning regulations and coupled with the residents’ low status. On the contrary, despite the low awareness, the sub-urban area had the highest level of compliance because the homeowners in this area have a higher socio-economic status and personal preferences for ample open space in their compounds. These outcomes support the underlying concepts and propositions advocated by historic and structural theories of urban form. The study, therefore, recommends modifying the existing open space standards to align with the city’s historical development and local conditions in various residential areas to encourage compliance.