Sonority and Climate in a World Sample of Languages: Findings and Prospects

Author:

Fought John G.1,Munroe Robert L.2,Fought Carmen R.2,Good Erin M.3

Affiliation:

1. Pomona College

2. Pitzer College

3. University of Arizona

Abstract

In a world sample (N = 60), the indigenous languages of tropical and subtropical climates in contrast to the languages spoken in temperate and cold zones manifested high levels of sonority. High sonority in phonetic segments, as found for example in vowels (versus consonants), increases the carrying power of speech sounds and, hence, audibility at a distance. We assume that in the course of daily activities, the speakers in warm/hot climates (a) are often outdoors due to equable ambient temperatures, (b) thereby frequently transmit messages distally, and (c) transmit such messages relatively intelligibly due to the acoustic and functional advantages of high sonority. Our conceptual model is similar to that of population biology, where there are well-known correlations between climate and somatic variables, and where it is assumed that communicative modalities and behaviors are selected or designed for success in specific habitats. We also take up possible alternative hypotheses and consider directions for future research.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Psychology (miscellaneous),Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous),Anthropology

Reference28 articles.

1. Allen, J. A. (1877). The influence of physical conditions on the genesis of species. Radical Review, 1 108-140.

2. Aylor, D. (1972). Noise reduction by vegetation and ground. Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, 51, 201-209.

3. Bergmann, C. (1847). Über die Verhältnisse der Wärmeökonomie der Thiere zu ihre Grösse. Göttingen Studien, 1, 595-708.

4. Measurements of the normal acoustic impedance of ground surfaces

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