Exploring Pathways to Caregiver Health: The Roles of Caregiver Burden, Familism, and Ethnicity

Abstract

Objectives This study examines the associations of ethnicity, caregiver burden, familism, and physical and mental health among Mexican Americans (MAs) and non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs). Methods We recruited adults 65+ years with possible cognitive impairment (using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score<26), and their caregivers living in Nueces County, Texas. We used weighted path analysis to test effects of ethnicity, familism, and caregiver burden on caregiver’s mental and physical health. Results 516 caregivers and care-receivers participated. MA caregivers were younger, more likely female, and less educated compared to NHWs. Increased caregiver burden was associated with worse mental (B = −0.53; p < .001) and physical health (B = −0.15; p = .002). Familism was associated with lower burden (B = −0.14; p = .001). MA caregivers had stronger familism scores (B = 0.49; p < .001). Discussion Increased burden is associated with worse caregiver mental and physical health. MA caregivers had stronger familism resulting in better health. Findings can contribute to early identification, intervention, and coordination of services to help reduce caregiver burden.