Deep Vein Thrombosis after Total Hip Arthroplasty in Indian Patients with and without Enoxaparin

Abstract

Purpose. To study the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in Indian patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty with or without prophylaxis, and the effect of enoxaparin on deep vein thrombosis. Methods. The study covered a total of 50 hips in 40 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty. Patients were assessed for deep vein thrombosis using Doppler ultrasonography. The hips were numbered and divided into 2 groups: the odd-numbered hips did not receive any thrombo-prophylaxis, whereas the even-numbered hips received 40 mg of enoxaparin subcutaneously, once a day for 2 weeks, until the time of discharge. Results. Deep vein thrombosis was not found in both groups. We found wound haematomas in 9 patients (all of whom were on enoxaparin) (p <0.05), superficial infection in 2 patients (one on enoxaparin, one not), and local bruising in 4 patients (all of whom were on enoxaparin). Major haemorrhage did not occur in any of the cases. Conclusion. The incidence of deep vein thrombosis in Indian patients is very low compared to that in European and American patients. Enoxaparin failed to provide any advantage to the patients. It is therefore not advisable to give prophylaxis/low-molecular-weight heparin for deep vein thrombosis to patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty without any risk factors.